Many thanks to the team of experts from the roll back malaria partnership in nigeria viz world health. This cooperative effort is the largest schistosomiasis treatment initiative in nigeria. We searched for the articles on the prevalence of schistosomiasis in the relevant. The disease is spread by contact with water that contains the parasites. Pdf mapping and prediction of schistosomiasis in nigeria using. History of schistosomiasis epidemiology, current status, and. Schistosomiasis is an important cause of disease in many parts of the world, most commonly in places with poor sanitation. In nigeria, the earliest known report of high prevalence of haematuria relates to the dry north donges. High prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis in a nigerian. Current status of schistosomiasis in sokoto, nigeria. Prevalence of schistosomiasis among primary school. A crosssectional study was conducted among 551 participants from kano state.
Summary schistosomiasis remains one of the most prevalent neglected tropical diseases especially in nigeria which has the greatest number of infected people worldwide. Significant gaps in epidemiological data creates difficulties in understanding the true distribution of the disease and necessary in tervention 1. Because imported schistosomiasis may increase the disease burden in china and hinder the process of schistosomiasis elimination, several measures are. Prevalence of schistosomiasis was different between the districts, and this was statistically significant 7. Reports on schistosomiasis indicate that it is endemic in different parts of nigeria 921. In terms of urinary schistosomiasis endemicity, nigeria has been divided into three zones. Pdf lymphatic filariasis elimination and schistosomiasis.
The 2018 cholera outbreak in nigeria affected over half of the states in the country, and was characterised by high attack and case fatality rates. Those who have been infected for a long time may experience liver damage, kidney failure, infertility, or bladder cancer. Who library cataloguinginpublication data the global epidemiology of infectious diseases electronic resource edited by christopher j. To apply molecular techniques in producing a proper data on the. Schoolage children who live in these areas are often most at risk because they tend to spend time swimming or bathing in water containing infectious cercariae. A comparative evaluation of the prevalence of urinary. The carter center assists the nigeria ministry of health in providing health education and the drug praziquantel to treat schistosomiasis in six states delta, ebonyi, edo, enugu, nasarawa, and plateau where the burden of the disease is greatest. Epidemiology of urinary schistosomiasis and knowledge of. May 08, 2009 schistosomiasis is a public health problem in nigeria because it causes chronic ill health among the poor and especially children. Schistosoma japonicum is the only human blood fluke that occurs in china. American journal of microbiology and biotechnology. It is clear that pupils that are involved with fishing and farming had the highest prevalence of 9. Sp59 geographical distribution of schistosomiasis and its.
Prevalence, intensity and spatial codistribution of. Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease caused by flukes trematodes of the genus schistosoma. Although the worms that cause schistosomiasis are not found in the united states, people are infected worldwide. It is also known as bilharziasis after theodor bilharz, who first identified the parasite in 1852. Urinary schistosomiasis in ebonyi state, nigeria from 2006. Prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis among primary school. Journal of public health and epidemiology prevalence and intensity of urinary schistosomiasis in ogun state, southwest, nigeria article pdf available in journal of public health 1011. Hence, considering the high prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis in the study community, there is a need for health education, provision of alternative sources of water, mass drug administration and freshwater snail control in the area. Epidemiology and control of human schistosomiasis in.
Prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis and efficacy of. Four hundred terminal urine samples were collected from primary school pupils and analysed using standard filtration technique. An imperative for a scale up of water and sanitation initiative and mass administration of medicines with praziquantel. This study investigated he prevalence and risk factors of ugs in pregnancy following scaleup of piped water sources. The endemicity of schistosomiasis was ascertained in katsina state as far back as 1963 when prevalences of 95% and above 90% were recorded in katsina and kankia local government areas 12.
Angola, centralafrican republic, chad, egypt, ghana, madagascar, malawi, mozambique, nigeria, senegal, sudan, the. A survey carried out in the south western region of nigeria by ekpo and mafiana 2004 on 192 schools in ogun state to determine the epidemiological status of urinary schistosomiasis in the state reveals that the overall prevalence of selfreported blood in urine and urinary schistosomiasis were 10. Human schistosomiasis jordan p, webbe g, sturrock rf, eds. A twelvemonth epidemioecological study on the prevalence of schistosomiasis was conducted in bauchi state, from january to december, 2016. Mapping of urinary schistosomiasis in anambra state, nigeria. Schistosomiasis is a disease of public health significance with long term complications.
Schistosomiasis is a disease caused by infection with parasitic blood flukes. After malaria and intestinal helminthiasis, schistosomiasis is the third most devastating tropical disease in the world, being a major source of morbidity and mortality for developing countries in africa, south america, the caribbean, the middle east, and asia. The epidemiology of schistosoma haematobium in odau community in the niger delta area of nigeria agi, p i. Urinary schistosomiasis is widespread in both rural and urban. The exact degree of prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis in nigeria is not known. Urinary schistosomiasis is endemic in nigeria and is considered as one of the public health problem affecting inhabitants especially in rural areas. In terms of urogenital schistosomiasis, nigeria has one of the highest burdens in west africa, with the disease endemic across all 36 states in the country. Prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis among primary school pupils in wamakko local government, sokoto state, nigeria imrana arzika muhammad1, kabiru abdullahi2, aminu yabo bala1 and saadatu aliyu shinkafi2 abstract background. Who library cataloguing in publication data the global epidemiology of infectious diseases electronic resource edited by christopher j. Schistosomiasis among pregnant women in rural communities in. Parasitology open prevalence, intensity and spatial co. Burden of schistosomiasis was determined in the source population total population was 209,459 based on an extrapolation of 4% target population for children in nigeria. Prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis in part of ogun. The current epidemiological status of urogenital schistosomiasis.
Nigeria has the highest number of schistosomiasis cases in the world in the african region. We investigated the prevalence, intensity, and risk factors of the infection in three communities of. Urinary schistosomiasis accounts for more than 90 % of all schistosomiasis cases in nigeria. Dawaki s, almekhlafi hm, ithoi i, ibrahim j, abdulsalam am, ahmed a, sady h, atroosh wm, alareeqi ma, elyana fn, nasr na, surin j.
In children schistosomiasis can cause anaemia, stunting and a reduced ability to learn. Jul 11, 2016 according to the nigeria master plan for ntds 202017, out of the 37 states of nigeria, mapping and baseline surveys on schistosomiasis have been conducted in a total of 19 states, all located in southern and western parts of nigeria, so that schistosomiasis has been completely mapped in only 9 of those states. The prevalence of schistosomiasis in north western states of nigeria could be as high as 93%. Prevalence and intensity of schistosoma haematobium among school children in ajaseipo, kwara state, nigeria bolaji os, elkanah fa, ojo ja, ojurongbe o, adeyeba oa department of medical microbiolgy and parasitology, college of health sciences, ladoke akintola university of technology, p.
An overall schistosomiasis prevalence of 6% was reported in yobe state, northeastern nigeria 10% s. Sep 28, 2016 schistosomiasis is a snailborne disease caused by worms of the genus schistosoma. Schistosomiasis, also known as snail fever and bilharzia, is a disease caused by parasitic flatworms called schistosomes. Interruption of transmission at a national scale remains the ultimate objective, but this requires more than pc and is a longterm endeavor in most countries. Prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis in the towns had a significant negative linear relationship with distance to water body r 0. The infection of man with both schistosoma haematobium and s. Nigeria has the greatest number of cases of schistosomiasis worldwide 3, with about 29 million infected people, among which 16 million are. Distribution of schistosomiasis survey data in nigeria. A total of 2148 pupils from 42 schools were examined for schistosoma and sth infections from urine and fresh fecal samples respectively. Surveys indicate that prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis in some towns and communities in benue state varies from 32. Schistosomiasis has been on the increase in nigeria due to inadequate prevention, control and treatment.
The current epidemiological status of urogenital schistosomiasis among primary school pupils in katsina state, nigeria. The disease is one of the major communicable diseases that infects more than 200million people in about 74 developing countries, 100 million reside in africa, and 22 million of this number reside in nigeria including. Two thousand 2000 samples each of faeces and urine were collected and examined microscopically for. Schistosomiasis remains one of the most prevalent neglected tropical diseases especially in nigeria which has the greatest number of infected people worldwide. Urogenital schistosomiasis is a chronic parasitic disease that causes severe morbidity among schoolchildren in many poorresource communities in nigeria. Prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis in nigeria, 1994. Scitop%2020%20countries,%20estimated%20schistosomiasis%20infections.
The current study is to apply molecular techniques in producing data on the prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis in parts of ogun state, nigeria. The parasites that cause schistosomiasis live in certain types of freshwater snails. Prevalence of schistosomiasis, at present, is still high in subsaharan africa. Schistosoma mansoni is prevalent in the nile delta in egypt, in sudan. Prevalence and intensity of urinary schistosomiasis in. Epidemiology and transmission patterns of schistosoma. Pdf urinary schistosomiasis in abia state amaechi ebube. Epidemiology of schistosomiasis in the peoples republic of. The prevalence of the disease has been described from other parts of nigeria 9, 10, 11, and 12. This study tried to describe the burden of schistosomiasis in a source population using the prevalence among institutionalised orphans and vulnerable children of. Prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis among pupils in endemic communities of rivers state, nigeria. Symptoms include abdominal pain, diarrhea, bloody stool, or blood in the urine.
Schistosomiasis, also known as bilharzia, is a disease caused by parasitic worms. Prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis among pupils in. Urinary schistosomiasis is widespread in both rural and urban communities of nigeria, with prevalence ranging between 2% and 90%, with the vast majority of cases occurring among the poor and marginalized 6,7,8,9,10. Prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis in nigeria, 19942015. The 2015 nigerian population was projected at 172 million with the land mass of more than 900,000 km 2 hence exceptional planning, greater time and enormous resources are required in the use primary data to obtain the national prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis. Their eggs leave the human body in urine in urinary schistosomiasis or faeces in intestinal schistosomiasis, hatch in water and liberate larvae miracidia that penetrate freshwater snail hosts. Introduction nigeria is the most populous country in africa with over 150 million people. Causal agents of the disease are blood flukes schistosomes. A crosssectional survey was carried out in primary schools to determine prevalence, intensity and spatial codistribution of schistosomiasis and soil transmitted helminths sth infections in ogun state, nigeria. A crosssectional study was conducted among 551 participants from kano state, north central nigeria.
Apr 03, 2019 publications selectioninclusion criteria. The history of schistosomiasis in ghana schistosoma haematobium is endemic in all regions schistosoma mansoni is found in the two upper regions as of 2010, national prevalence is 70. Okafor, e j department of animal and environmental biology, faculty of science, university of port harcourt, nigeria abstract. Pdf journal of public health and epidemiology prevalence. A study was conducted between august 2001 and july 2002 to investigate the current pattern of. Omoku, rivers state, nigeria email address corresponding author citation goodhead d.
Children of migrant families with this condition represent the burden of the disease among children from the source population. Prevalence and risk factors of schistosomiasis among hausa communities in kano state, nigeria. Meanwhile, the initiative on sanitation, hygiene and water in nigeria. A crosssectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis among primary school pupils in wamakko local government, sokoto state, nigeria. Prevention and control of schistosomiasis and soiltransmitted helminthiasis. May 15, 2014 a survey carried out in the south western region of nigeria by ekpo and mafiana 2004 on 192 schools in ogun state to determine the epidemiological status of urinary schistosomiasis in the state reveals that the overall prevalence of selfreported blood in urine and urinary schistosomiasis were 10. The overall prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis schistosoma haematobium was 60. Epidemiology and control of human schistosomiasis in tanzania. Impact of human schistosomiasis in subsaharan africa.
Schistosomiasis morbidity remains a major public health problem in subsaharan africa. Worldwide, human schistosomiasis remains a serious public health problem, threatening. Jun 22, 2018 schistosomiasis is an important cause of disease in many parts of the world, most commonly in places with poor sanitation. Nigeria nigeria has the highest number of schistosomiasis cases in the world in the african region, over 26% of people requiring chemotherapy reside in. The result of this study showed a relatively high prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis 45. Nigeria has the highest number of schistosomiasis cases in the. Across ssa each form of schistosomiasis has a distribution, broadly tracking transmission foci where permissive freshwater intermediate snail hosts occur ekpo et al. The uncovering of the infection in areas not previously reported is no doubt indication of the inadequacy of the information on the epidemiology of this parasitic infection in nigeria. What are the drivers of recurrent cholera transmission in nigeria. Sep 20, 2018 schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease caused by flukes trematodes of the genus schistosoma. Individual perception of the aetiology and impact of urinary schistosomiasis differ by their levels of education and gender.
Currently, nigeria has 29 million cases of schistosomiasis, the. Schistosomiasis is known as bilharzia or bilharziosis in many countries, after german physician theodor bilharz, who first described the cause of urinary schistosomiasis in 1851. The urinary tract or the intestines may be infected. The epidemiology of schistosoma haematobium in odau community. Urogenital schistosomiasis among schoolchildren and the. Department of biological sciences, university of agriculture, abeokuta, nigeria summary we determined the prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis in preschool children below the age of 5 years in three settlements around oyan reservoir in ogun state, nigeria.
The high prevalence of schistosoma infections than other parasites species recorded among the. Summary of the prevalence of schistosoma haematobium across the 36. Epidemiology of schistosomiasis in china, 2004 of the world bank loan project wblp for schistosomiasis control at the end of 2001 7,9,12. Obiageli nebe, schistosomiasis sth control programme, department of public. A crosssectional study was conducted in february 1998 on the prevalence and intensity of urinary schistosomiasis among schoolage children in and out of school at adim village in nigeria to test the objective of delivering a control programme through the school system. Disease prevalence, schistosomiasis, schistosoma haematobium, school pupils, tafa, niger state, nigeria. Presently, there is little no control programme due to absence of detail distribution of the disease that can be use in planning control programme in nigeria. Epidemiology of urinary schistosomiasis among secondary. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and intensity of urinary. Out of the 400 urine samples examined, 192 48% were found to be. Human schistosomiasis is a major waterborne parasitic disease in nigeria with limited control programme. Department of microbiology and parasitology, university of maiduguri teaching hospital, maiduguri, borno state, nigeria dr. Prevalence, intensity and spatial codistribution of schistosomiasis and soil transmitted helminths infections in ogun state, nigeria volume 4 akinola s. A total of 450 urine samples were examined for urinary schistosomiasis.
The entire population of ghana is considered atrisk 6. Female genital schistosomiasis fgs in ogun state, nigeria. Based on the estimated prevalence and the size of the endemic areas, the most severely affected countries are. Urinary schistosomiasis, prevalence, intensity, eggua. Federal republic of nigeria, hereby specially acknowledges the contributions of the various organizations and their staff towards the successful development and production of this articulate document.
Inadequate basic social amenities and weak primary healthcare infrastructure have promoted the transmission of schistosomiasis. This study examines the prevalence of schistosoma haematobium among pupils in kofa primary school, tafa local government area niger state. Journal of public health and epidemiology prevalence and. Pdf current status of schistosomiasis in sokoto, nigeria. Nigeria has the highest number of schistosomiasis cases in the world in the african region, over 26% of people requiring chemotherapy reside in nigeria 1. Of the worlds 207 million estimated cases of schistosomiasis, 93% occur in ssa and the united republic of tanzania is the second country that has the highest burden of schistosomiasis in the region, nigeria being the first1, 2. We conducted a large, nationally representative survey and found a national prevalence of 25. Parasitological data was drawn from baseline urine surveys of the study population.
To assess the epidemiology of urogenital schistosomiasis among pregnant women in rural communities of southwestern nigeria. Pdf prevalence of schistosomiasis among primary school. Schistosomiasis is a chronic parasitic disease caused by blood flukes of. Prevalence and intensity of schistosoma haematobium. A crosssectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis among. Chronic schistosomiasis reduces the capacity of those infected to work and in some cases can result in death. These parasites are released from freshwater snails that have been infected. A study on the aspects of epidemiology of urinary and intestinal schistosomiasis in bauchi state, nigeria. Introduction schistosomiasis also known as biharziasis or snail fever is a chronic and enervating illness caused by digenetic trematode flatworms flukes of the genus schistosoma noble and glem, 1982.
Human schistosomiasis is second only to malaria in subsaharan africa ssa for causing severe morbidities. Currently, nigeria has 29 million cases of schistosomiasis, the highest in ssa, with 101. Urinary schistosomiasis, caused by schistosoma haematobium is very common in nigeria, with ebonyi state implicated to have the highest prevalence in the southeastern part of the country. Prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis in anambra state, nigeria.
323 1468 370 384 604 136 916 569 259 669 201 1549 590 69 520 462 1408 15 635 1375 1311 1541 1194 874 641 208 1320 757 243 654 1672 1655 73 1105 363 1531 569 562 1001 491 442 630 1038 890 311 82 253 746 72